Galectin-3, a member of the β-galactoside-binding protein family, is characterized by its carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). It is primarily located in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell surface, where it participates in various biological processes such as cell adhesion, proliferation, death, and immune responses by recognizing and binding β-galactosides. The expression of Galectin-3 varies significantly across different tissues, particularly high in immune cells and certain cancer cells. Moreover, the specific expression and mutations of the Galectin-3 gene are closely associated with the occurrence and progression of various diseases, including fibrosis, inflammatory diseases, and cancer.